CLIQUE

All diseases are related to hypoxia

The 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine revealed that cells can sensitively sense the oxygen content in their environment. Under hypoxic conditions, an increase in molecules called hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) leads to changes in the expression of over 300 genes, prompting cells to switch to a completely different metabolic mode from the oxygen rich state. Long term hypoxia will lead to accelerated aging of the body and increased risk of diseases

What will happen if there is a lack of oxygen?

Transient hypoxia: Decreased memory

Long term hypoxia: dizziness, vertigo, severe hypoxia: vegetative state

Extreme hypoxia: brain death

Cardiac hypoxia: directly leading to various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases

Combined oxygen

• Combined with hemoglobin in the blood

• The amount of transportation cannot exceed the amount of hemoglobin

• Molecules are large and difficult to pass through capillaries

• 99% of the oxygen in the body is bound oxygen

Dissolved oxygen

• In normal breathing, the amount is very small (it cannot be increased solely through inhalation of oxygen) • Small molecules that can directly dissolve into blood and body fluids, easily passing through capillaries (90% of the body's blood vessels are capillaries) • Not dependent on the quantity of hemoglobin.

• Combined oxygen: Hemoglobin in red blood cells binds with oxygen, and its carrying capacity can be expressed by blood oxygen saturation. • Arterial blood oxygen saturation is 95-98%, and venous blood is 75%; Due to the relatively stable hemoglobin content, oxygen saturation is relatively stable in healthy individuals;

• Dissolved oxygen: The oxygen dissolved in plasma is much smaller than bound oxygen, and the dissolved oxygen is proportional to pressure. In some areas, capillaries are narrow and blood cells cannot pass through, relying only on dissolved oxygen in the plasma. • Overall, by increasing the atmospheric pressure of the human body's environment and the oxygen concentration of the inhaled air, the overall oxygen supply can be improved.